Seth B

Posts Tagged ‘trade furniture’

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Take the Order

In Home Furnishings Trends, Sourcing and Trading on May 7, 2009 at 4:08 pm

Last week, looked like the beginning of the end for quite a few furniture manufactures at the furniture fairs. They were just hoping for that order that could save their business. I’m guessing, that as furniture sales are not picking up at any quick rate, this summer will be rough for many manufacturers, and we will see a spike in number closing down.

This leads me to an interesting story, I heard from a friend who buys for a big furniture retail store. He had some orders, which were pretty simple items, and wanted to help out some of his older higher quality suppliers. He brought the project to them, and told them what he needed to pay. They rejected the price and came back about 20% higher. Now, my friend is very reasonable, and the price he offered was no problem for him to get at good quality factories. He was literally trying to help the factory, because he knows they have very few orders.

2 months later, that factory closed its doors. And, he’s wondering why they would not take an order, just so they can keep their employees salaries going. Maybe they do not make money, since high-end manufacturers have a different overhead structure, but right now, it is about survival. Orders are starting to come back slowly, and the companies who survive stand to be in a good position.

What would you do?

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Furniture Prices in China???

In Sourcing and Trading on April 13, 2009 at 7:43 am

We’re working on a report for our readers, on dining room sets. Just plain basic wood tables and chairs. I’ve been shocked and interested to see if others have found similar results…

Our quotes coming back from Malaysia are almost 50% LOWER than prices coming back from China! We though this was an abnormality, but our Malaysian prices come from two companies who are already exporting to major wholesalers in the states.

So, we’re still searching China, we’ve been calling around all over the country, figuring that the prices in Ningbo, or Fuzhou should be more reasonable, but so far, the prices have been similar. My last real furniture project was over 3 years ago, and the prices that we were quoted back then FOB Xiamen, were very similar to the prices we’re getting from Malaysia today…

Also, from the prices I saw in Indonesia, I’m feeling that China may climbing up the price ladder… I still think that China is competitive, but I find it interesting that Vietnam and Malaysia direct furniture is selling so cheaply…

I’m also getting convinced that smaller buyers may find pricing outside China to be lower… I would love feedback on this subject, I’ll be looking more during the Canton Fair, too…

Please note, that in Upholstered Furniture, and possibly some other categories, China still seems to be the most affordable…

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Indonesia Furniture Fair Video

In Sourcing and Trading on March 30, 2009 at 7:02 am

Anybody interested in finding home furnishings in Indonesia should check out this video. There were some great products and sharp prices. You can read more on the Indonesian Furniture Fair (IFFINA) on Goodfactories.com

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Singapore Furniture Fair

In Uncategorized on March 13, 2009 at 3:47 am

Wow what a cool trade show…  Lets start out this review with the basics, and not how cool I think the city is…

The trade show is pretty small, maybe 200-300 furniture and home decor companies.  At least 80% are furniture, and maybe 20% home decor (although many furniture manufacturers do sell accents, too).

They have a lot of nicer goods suppliers from around Asia.  Especially from Indonesia, China, Vietnam, and Mylasia.  Whats nice, is that you can get your work done, with a very nice assortment of product in a few days.  There were lots of Austrailians at the show, and it seems like the show is still primarily focused on exporting, and not as much on the actual Singapore market.

This is also the most diverse furniture show I’ve been to.  If you go to Manila FAME, or Ciff Guangzhou, all those shows tend to have a majority of local suppliers, but in Singapore, its pretty diverse, with suppliers from Singapore, Taiwan, China, Malysia, India, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand.  They are a bit higher end suppliers, but the value still seems good, and the design content is really good.

The only show I’ve been to that is more diverse, is the HK Housewares show, but that is not a furniture show, but has more home accents.

So, onto Singapore.  First off, there is a Hard Rock Cafe in the Airport!  Getting into the city is super easy, and only costs $1.20 (US) via the MRT (subway).  It goes strait to the Expo, too.  So, getting around is simple, and clean.  I’ve never been in such a clean city.  The tunnels underground are spotless and polished.

If you can find a good deal near the Raffels or anywhere downtown, its fantastic.  Really good curries can be had in the Indian Quarter (? not sure about that name).  And little pockets of nice restaurants and outdoor food stalls are scattered around the Central Business District.  Overall, I had a great time and saw some really cool products.  If the furniture indstry is really slow, the vendors here seem less worried and were quite busy.

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The Top B2B sourcing websites

In Uncategorized on March 2, 2009 at 3:48 am

The Top B2B sourcing websites, Old Giants and Rising Stars

Everybody sourcing products from overseas has heard of Alibaba, but for people looking for great deals on products directly from factories should check out this list.  New websites have been hitting the scene, and some of them are really helpful for the larger businesses or the work at home Ebay seller.

Niche Directories – These websites are focused on a particular industry and often provide better tools and filtering of information.

MFG.com – The best website for sourcing parts.  Upload your projects, and get quotes from suppliers around the world.  Also, the members have been active in leaving feedback on suppliers.  You can now also source textiles using MFG.  Jeff Beezos from Amazon.com is an owner of this company.

Panjiva.com – Great for sourcing garment manufacturers, their approach is different from other sites.  They offer supplier ratings by reviewing the companies current shipments and customers.  They offer information on shipment amount, and the type of customer and shipments.

Goodfactories.com – Finding furniture manufacturers and home décor suppliers has never been so simple.  Features include supplier locations on local maps of China, a rating and review system, furniture fair finder, and a reliable verification system.

Trade Intelligence – Ever wanted to know who your competitors have been buying from?  US customs shipments reports are open to the public.

Zepol – The most searchable database for US customs reports allows the user to create their own custom filters.  The system works within a web browser, and allows an unlimited number of searches.

Import Genius – Offers searches by customer name, product name, and supplier name.

Trade Mining – A lower cost system that allows a user to download trade intelligence reports one report at a time.

Piers – The largest trade intelligence company.  Piers data is entered and analyzed, then put into their database.  Reports are much better looking, but searches are more difficult and results may not have as much detail.  They also offer trade intelligence on other countries.

Manufacturers and Wholesale Suppliers- Good websites for smaller orders and selling on Ebay.

Doba – Sell goods on Ebay without needing stock.  Buying though Doba wholesale partners allows goods to shipped directly from the wholesale warehouse.  The cost to the seller is 50% below retail, and the seller can select their own profit margin.  Doba charges a monthly fee.

World Wide Brands – Allows you to search for suppliers, manufacturers, and wholesale companies.   They charge a monthly fee.

B2X.com – Buy from China- Pain Free.  B2X allows users to search manufacturers products online.  No experience needed, B2X will ship the goods to you, and take care of all importing quality inspections.  B2X charges an unstated fee that should be a great deal for smaller customers looking for good values.

DHGate – A platform for buying goods directly from manufacturers in Asia.  Be careful of branded products, as there are lots of fakes being sold by companies who advertise on this site.  But, there are great values if you know how to use it, and the site allows feedback.

The Wholesale Forums – An online forum with 5000 active members discussing goods, suppliers, and products.  Very good information for people looking to start buying and selling online.

Liquidation and GoWholesale – A family of web sites that offer off-price goods for retail and discounts for wholesale.

Simplx – Another large platform that allows users to sell goods directly from a drop shippers warehouse.

Large Manufacturer and Supplier Directories – If you want to work directly with factories, these are the best large websites.  Please be aware if you are looking for a factory that many companies advertising on these sites are trading companies.

Alibaba – The largest online sourcing community has suppliers from almost every country in the world.  Also included are forums where your sourcing and trading questions can be answered.

Global Sources – The most reputable sourcing website.  Global Sources verifies suppliers and works more closely to ensure smoother sourcing for its users.  Global Sources also operates many large trade shows in Asia and has many print publications for sourcing.

Made-In-China – The 3rd largest sourcing website in the world.  They also work with SGS and supplier audit reports can be purchased online.

Global Market – A newer souring website offers a huge amount of suppliers and products.  Also, you can email them projects, and they will send you back a list of qualified manufacturers.

India Mart – As the name implies, a huge directory of Indian suppliers and products.

Product Pilot – All types of suppliers and products are listed in the most visually appealing of the large sourcing websites. An arm of the Messe Frankfut tradeshow group in Germany, most of the suppliers listed have also exhibited at their events, but since these events are so world wide, the website gets a good assortment of manufacturers

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FOB Asia

In Sourcing and Trading on February 21, 2009 at 7:29 pm

The Feb 9th Furniture Today really highlights a trend that has long been available, but not marked so directory.  That trend is really low furniture prices FOB Asia.  Slow economic times calls for drastic marketing strategies, and it seems, lower margins.

There were 4 companies advertising furniture sets for $299.  Bella Esprit is selling a 6 piece bedroom set for $299, Acme Furniture is selling a better looking 5 piece set for $299, U.S. Furniture is selling bonded leather sofa and loveseat sets for $299, and Williams Imports is selling 3 piece sofa sets for $339.

These prices are probably not ground breaking in the industry, but each of these companies has placed large advertisements to attract buyers at this winter’s Las Vegas Market Furniture Fair.  Actually, there have not been many adds in Furniture Today or other home furnishing trade magazines, that spell out how cheap companies can buy, direct from Asia.

Direct marketing by furniture manufacturers will probably keep increasing, as sales keep declining, and companies need to stand out among the competition.

Bella Esprit

Bella Esprit

Acme Furniture

Acme Furniture

U.S. Furniture Inc.

U.S. Furniture Inc.

William's Imports

William's Imports

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Furniture Fairs in Asia (Spring 09)

In Sourcing and Trading on February 9, 2009 at 11:52 pm

A comprehensive list of Asian home furnishing fairs this spring, with insider details.
To view the article with links, please go to the Furniture Fair Guide

Asian Furniture Fairs

Asian Furniture Fairs

February

India Carpet Expo (Feb 12 – 15)
Almost 200 carpet manufacturers and exporters will attend this fair in New Delhi.

Ambiente Frankfurt (Feb 13-17)
The passage sections of Ambiente feature suppliers and manufacturers from around the world. A great show for home décor and housewares.

Indian handicrafts and Gifts Fair (Feb 25 – Mar 28 )
The biggest furniture and home accent fair in India. Fantastic products and great values for people looking to source in India with over 1000 suppliers.

March

India Houseware & Gift Fair (Mar 1 – 3)
-Smaller than IHGF, there are still more than 500 suppliers in handicrafts, housewares, and textiles.

MIFF Malaysia (Mar 3 – 7)
-More than 500 Malaysian furniture manufacturers and exporters.

Cebu International Furniture and Furnishings Exhibition (Mar 5 – 8 )
-A smaller show with all the top local Cebu manufacturers and designers.

Manila Now (Mar 5 – 8 )
-More than 100 furniture and home décor suppliers.

IFFS Singapore (Mar 9 – 12)
-One of the leading furniture fairs in Asia for good design.

IFFINA Indonesia (Mar 11 – 15)
-The largest furniture fair in Indonesia

VIFA Vietnam (Mar 11 – 14)
-A smaller furniture fair with around 100 suppliers. This fair has more furniture companies, and not as many accessory suppliers as the fall HCMC Expo.

TIFF Thailand (Mar 11 – 15)
-200 Thai home furnishings suppliers

Dongguan Famous Furniture Fair (Mar 16-20)
-A huge furniture fair near the heart of furniture city in Houjie. Also, there is a home accent and lighting section.

CIFF Guangzhou, China (Mar 18 – 21)
The biggest and best furniture fair in China in the Spring. Also running concurrently are sections for home accents and housewares.

SIFE Shenzhen (Mar 19 – 22)
Another huge furniture fair, not as large as the other two shows running at the same time, but still very big and lots of manufacturers at this show.

SFIFC Metal Furniture Fair – Bazhou City, Hebei, China (Mar 23 – 25)
-Primarily dealing with glass and metal furniture, it seems focused on office furniture and has over 1000 manufacturers at the exhibition.

Premier Vision China (Mar 30 – 31)
-One of the best fabric shows in China

April

Hong Kong International Lighting -Spring (Apr 13 – 16)
-The premier fall Asian lighting fair is now twice a year. Manufacturers and suppliers are from around the world, but a majority are Chinese and HK companies. It seems there are not nearly as many companies at the spring event and only occupies one tenth of the floor space.

Manila F.A.M.E (Apr 15 – 18 )
-The largest home furnishings fair in the Phillipines

The Canton Fair (Apr 15 -19, Apr 24 – 28, May 3 – 7)
-One of the oldest, and by far the biggest home furnishing fair in the world (if you include the surrounding fairs). Phase 2 (Apr 24 – 28 ) of the canton fair is when most of home furnishings suppliers show there. Phase 1 includes lighting, and Phase 3 has home textiles, carpets and rugs. Overall, there are over a million square meters of exhibition space and over 50,000 suppliers. Please note, that while there are more furniture manufacturers now attending the canton fair, it is still not as good as the CIFF for furniture, but it is much better for Home Accents. Four fairs are within walking distance. To read more about these fairs Click Here.

Hong Kong Housewares (Apr 20 – 23)
-One of the best houseware fairs in the world, there are thousands of manufacturers from China, India, Asia, and other parts of the world. Products are housewares, textiles, handicrafts, and a level of Pet Supplies.

China Sourcing Fair: Home Products + India Sourcing Fair: Home Products (Apr 20 – 23)
-Both fairs are at one location in Hong Kong (the Expo Center, near the airport). This is an unassociated extension of the Hong Kong Houseware fair. Expect to find thousands more suppliers. But, since the HK Housewares is the premium event, suppliers at this event typically are waiting to get a space at the HK Convention Center. Shuttles and the train make it easy to travel back and forth between events.

Hong Kong Gifts and Premiums (Apr 27 – 30)
-A huge event, not nearly as much for home furnishings buyers as these are less expensive products, but some similar categories, include promotional picture frames, ceramic gifts, and clocks. Also running at the same time, is the China Sourcing Fair: Gifts & Premiums (Apr 28 – May 1), at the Asia World Expo in Hong Kong.

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Color Forecast for 2009 – Earth Inspired

In Home Furnishings Trends on February 3, 2009 at 7:07 pm

Home Accents Today has released their color forecast video for 2009.  It has 4 major trends.  This is very interesting information, in a short 5 minute video.

Earthy Elements: Cooler, mineral and ethereal colors

Cultural Fusion: Eclectic colors, spices tones, and Asian themes

Recycling Effects: Raw and Natural

Warming Up: Sunrise and Sunset colors

To see the video, see the bottom of this blog, or Click Here

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Top home furnishings retail stores: Where can you really make a Profit?

In Sourcing and Trading on February 2, 2009 at 11:51 pm

Every year, suppliers around the world love to look who is the biggest.  Sometimes dreaming of landing the big customer, who will buy thousands of a single item, at a decent margin.  Lets just start out, and say, this is NOT that list.  Those lists are easy to find, and to keep people from reading through a highly opinionated article, the links to the top lists are here.

Home Furnishing News does a top 100 Home Furnishings Report.  The top stores include the mass merchants, such as Walmart, Sears, and Target because HFN covers all home furnishings categories, including Housewares, Bedding, Lighting, and Appliances.

HFNmag.com:  Top 100 Home Furnishings Retailers
http://hfnmag.com/fileadmin/template/main/images/resources/2008Top100retailers.pdf

The Furniture Today Top 100 U.S. Furniture Stores is a bit different.  All stores on this list are 100% dedicated to selling furniture and home accents, and starts out with Ashley Furniture, Ikea, and Rooms To Go. This list is available to non-subscribers at a fee of $60.00. Most of the top 40 companies in the Furniture Today report are in the HFN, but after the top 40, Furniture Today has a lot of good information on larger furniture stores.  (attached link is a report which contains the top 100 furniture retail, and more reports)

Furniture Today: The List
http://furnituretodaystore.stores.yahoo.net/furlis.html

Now to the real point of this article: which accounts allow a supplier to make some money?  This has always been a core issue for anyone in trading or manufacturing.  Working on such tight margins, that a single chargeback causes a complete loss of profit is not smart or safe.  Thus, businesses should encourage retailers and suppliers to be realistic and understand the value of the product offered and the risk of working to close.

Walmart:  Over the last 5 years, Wal-Mart has shifted from being the lowest price retail store.  A few years back, they realized that there is no point in reducing a $9.99 product to $6.99.  They did not sell any more of that specific item, so the end result was a loss in profit for the store, the supplier, and the factory.  Walmart studies their price points very hard, and like to offer great value, but these days, the dollar stores are where a consumer will find the lowest prices, and factories will find their lowest bidders.  A typical Walmart item should have at least 25% total profit margins or higher depending on how many are involved in the supply chain.  For entrenched Walmart suppliers, their margins are pretty high, but this is offset by the cost of needing to stock, predict sales, and ship the goods.

Rooms to Go: The third largest US furniture store also seems to be going more direct.  Over the years, middlemen have been supplying them from China, and over the years, they have been growing.  Moving full containers direct to their warehouse is pretty much the only way they do business.  Now, it seems they are finding the good factories themselves.  The products they sell are larger size furniture store goods and the volume from Rooms to Go is very large, so if you can get business with this retail store, you should have a nice stable account.

Ikea, Lowes, and Target:  All three of these retail stores have Asian purchasing departments.  The teams will source projects or products for the retail buyers, who may then start doing large amounts of businesses depending on how things go.

Hobby Lobby:  Primarily a home accents retail store and a hobby store, they are known for their Asian purchasing trips.  Expect to see them at sourcing fairs, and visiting factories a few times a year.  Margins should be 25% and higher for direct business.  The only issue with Hobby Lobby, is that they will order an item one time.  Most of the other stores mentioned will reorder multiple times.

Sams Club and Costco:  The impression consumers have of these stores is they buy really cheap products, but this is off base.  Both stores work on a really low retail markup, of around 15%, that enables them to sell better goods at much lower costs.  (Avg retail markup is 40-50%).  They also, order huge quanties, so if your lucky enough to get the buyers interested in your products, you may expect to sell a huge amount of higher value goods!  Again, this is often a one time order, so plan for a steep sales drop, after the shipment is gone.

American Signature:  This company manufacturers sofas in the USA, but they also do outsource sofas and most of the other products they sell.  The stores are full set furniture stores, so accent tables, decorative accents, and all types of furniture are available to consumers.   They are the 6th largest furniture store, and less established overseas than Ashely furniture.
These are so many retail stores, that to make a whole list would take days.  The key to finding your best match, is to review the stores purchasing pattern.  Do they purchase mostly overseas via direct containers, or do they require a stocking partner?  Also, establishing their order pattern.  Is this just a one-time order, or will they reorder the item.

GoodFactories is working on our own list of the top 100 retails, which will be available to our star members.  We will include an overall rank, purchasing amounts, which types of products, and an overview of the countries they buy from.

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Sourcing Guide for Sofa’s

In Sourcing and Trading on January 23, 2009 at 12:21 am

Over the years, furniture manufacturers moved from North Carolina, Italy, and various areas where labor was considered “affordable”.  Now furniture has found its home in China, Vietnam, and Indonesia.  GoodFactories has gone ahead and is starting to examine what this means to buyers, by publishing free pricing guides.  Our goal is to get a current glimpse of pricing for popular types of products.

This month we focused on Sofas.  Our team has been visiting some factories and also contacted some suppliers outside of China, getting an overview on the current pricing smaller retailers can expect to pay.

Some key points:

A variety of sofas and recliners were chosen.  Prices will vary greatly by factory.  Leathers quoted are noted in the quotes, but large price swings will be encountered due to the many varieties and quality levels of leather.  A quality manager mentioned that they had to learn over 50 different types of leather, not to mention that these all come in a variety of colors.

Prices are dramatically affected by small variations in the product design.  Some popular variations are removable seat cushions vs. fixed seats, type of foam in the cushions, and leather vs. leather match.

Prices mentioned below are based on a full 40-foot mixed container, with up to 5 skus in the container.

All prices are FOB local port nearest the factory.  That means that on top of the price you see, you will need to pay for shipping.  We will deal with estimated shipping costs and duty rates later.

Quality Level:  Prices for this report are “value oriented”.  This means that these are NOT high-end manufacturers.  The pricing we got is from manufacturers who ship major furniture stores and wholesale companies, and their products do look great and are acceptable for most retail stores.  If you own a high-end retail shop, you can contact GoodFactories via online chat or email, and we will let you know some suppliers that match your needs better.

Some key terms:

Top Grain Leather is a standard term for high quality leather that should last a long time.  Price does matter, but there are many different quality levels of top grain leather.  The higher the quality of the leather, the fewer the imperfections.  Standard top grain leathers can be found at most “value furniture stores” such as Ashley Furniture, Rooms to Go, and American Furniture Warehouse.   Top grain leather literally refers to the fact that hides need to be split for use in upholstery.  The top grain is the outside, and the inside is called split leather.

Full Top Grain means that the sofa is 100% natural top grain leather.

Leather Match combines Top Grain Leather with PU (vinyl faux leather).  The color and pattern are extremely close, so that it is very difficult to tell the difference.  PU is significantly cheaper than top grain leather but does not last as long as top grain leather, so most retail and wholesale companies who use PU do prefer to use top grain for the seating, cushions, and arm rests.   This helps ensure a better feeling and longer- lasting sofa.

Split Leather is a lower-grade leather that is used on non-active parts of the sofa to lower cost, but it still qualifies as a 100% leather sofa.

Since fabrics vary so much, such as micro fibers and exotic patterns, we decided to use a lower cost average material of around $2.50 per meter.

We are not specific with the cushion type, due to factories’ preferences and price swings.  Normally, polyfoam is the cushion of choice, but some suppliers we visited added springs to the bottom cushion, and back fill materials tended to be synthetic.

Pricing Guide:

73
73” Wide Full Leather Sofa
Material:  Leather (3 prices below)
Dimensions: 73”w X 35”d X 29”h
Seating: 60”w X 23”d
Seat Height: 21”
Arm Height: 25”
Feet: Wood
Cubic Feet: 49.8
Price (Leather Match):  $235
Price (Full Top Grain):  $365
Price (Full Semi-aniline):  $406  (as shown, semi-aniline has a slightly shiny/waxy finish, different pattern, and is more expensive)
***(Add a sleeper bed): $100 to the existing price
86
86” Wide 3 Seat Fabric Sofa
Material:  Fabric
Dimensions: 86”w X 34”d X 27”h
Seating: 80”w X 20”d
Seat Height: 19”
Arm Height: 27”
Feet: Metal with Chrome Finish
Cubic Feet: 53.1
Price: $159
sectional
Three Piece Corner Sectional
Material:  Fabric
Dimensions: 113”w X 113”d X 32”h  (depth for each section = 43”)
Seat Height: 21”
Arm Height: 25”
Feet: Wood
Cubic Feet: 164.7
Price: $372
theater
Leather Theater Seating (3 reclining seats)
Material:  Leather
Dimensions: 112”w X 36.5”d X 39”h
Seat Height: 20”
Arm Height: 25”
Feet: Wood
Cubic Feet: 104.1
Price (Leather Match): $465
Price (Top Grain + Split Leather): $499
3seat
Three Seat Reclining Sofa
Material:  Leather
Dimensions: 85”w X 42”d X 40”h
Seating : 69”w X 19”d X 20”h
Seat Height: 20”
Arm Height: 25”
Feet: Wood
Cubic Feet: 93
Price (Leather Match): $270
Price (Top Grain + Split Leather): $340

The Final Price

Above are some basic costs that seem great, but one of the problems with sofas is the size of the cartons.  To help find out if it is really worth “going direct”, all factors need to be taken into account.

Shipping: $1.60 per cubic foot to Los Angeles area.  This cost includes all shipping fees, port fees, and local trucking fees in the states.  Costs can change quite a bit depending on the freight company used and the logistics agent, but $1.60 is a decent ballpark figure.
Duty:  Duty can vary by country, but at this point shipping from China to the USA has no duty.

Local office: GoodFactories suggests that a local agent or employee be used to ensure your quality standards.  But in this report, it is not being considered a direct cost.  Once you feel confident in a supplier, you may choose not to have a local representative.  GoodFactories offers an inspection service, based on a low set fee, which allows a supplier to buy directly from the factory.

Actual cubic feet: If you are buying directly to your warehouse, a sofa can be packaged to save cubic feet.  For the prices below, it is estimated that a 15% space savings can be achieved (real space savings can exceed 10%, depending on the design).  If shipping to a warehouse to redistribute, then increase the cubic feet, so that the packaging supplied by the manufacturer can be reused.  Also, a good idea to enquire about is a “knock-down option” which requires a small amount of assembly at the retail store.

New Prices including freight:
73” Wide Full Sleeper Sofa = $301
86” Wide 3 Seat Fabric Sofa = $232
Three Piece Corner Sectional = $595
Leather Theater Seating (3 reclining seats) (Leather Match) = $607
Three Seat Reclining Sofa = $396

One may be surprised to know that if your process is efficient, sofas can still be manufactured in the States at competitive prices.  Ashley and American Signature both still manufacture in the US.

Warranty Information:  Many manufacturers will offer a 1-year warranty on the cushions, and possibly longer on the frame and reclining mechanism.  Some better ones will offer longer warrantees up to 5 years.

Special thanks for helping quote and research this project goes to: Haining Oyi May, Haining New Hongyang, Mihao Furniture, Zuoyou Furniture, Baotian Furniture, and Shanghai Chouqin Furniture Co.

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